A previous blog on evolution mentioned in passing the topic of speciation. This time let's focus on speciation as we explore more places where aspects of evolution may be classed. Browsing the Dewey Relative Index for "speciation" yields:
Speciation (Biology) 576.86
Species 578.012
Species—evolution 576.86
In the upward hierarchy for speciation at 576.86 is 576.8 Evolution. An example of a general work on speciation is Speciation. Here is an excerpt from the publisher's description plus the table of contents:
Aimed at professional biologists, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates, Speciation covers both plants and animals . . . , and deals with all relevant areas of research, including biogeography, field work, systematics, theory, and genetic and molecular studies. It gives special emphasis to topics that are either controversial or the subject of active research, including sympatric speciation, reinforcement, the role of hybridization in speciation, the search for genes causing reproductive isolation, and mounting evidence for the role of natural and sexual selection in the origin of species.
Contents:
1. Species: reality and concepts
2. Studying speciation
3. Allopatric and parapatric speciation
4. Sympatric speciation
5. Ecological isolation
6. Behavioral and nonecological isolation
7. Postzygotic isolation
8. The genetics of postzygotic isolation
9. Polyploidy and hybrid speciation
10. Reinforcement
11. Selection versus drift
12. Speciation and macroevolution
(Incidentally, if your biology is a bit rusty, the University of California site Evolution 101 might help, e.g., its section on speciation.)
Speciation has the LCSH:
Species
In LCSH, "Speciation (Biology)," is a non-preferred term pointing to the preferred term "Species." The Dewey entry 578.012 Classification has "species" in its including note, but it also has a class-elsewhere note: "Class speciation in 576.86." The work Speciation is classed in 576.86 Speciation.
What about works on speciation that don't cover both plants and animals? For example, Speciation in Birds. Here are excerpts from a reviewer's description plus the book's table of contents:
In this book, Trevor Price aims for a highly challenging task, namely to synthesize the roles of ecology, behavior, and genetics in bird speciation. . . . .
The book opens with two introductory chapters, where main concepts are defined and some of the main themes of the book are introduced. One of the main themes, the ecology of speciation, is treated thoroughly in the next five chapters. . . . .
The second main section of the book, chapters 8 to 12, covers nonecological speciation. Many avian allospecies do not appear to differ much ecologically but differ in traits that are used in species recognition, such as plumage color and song. Such traits are thought to evolve mainly through sexual and other forms of social selection, suggesting that social selection is important in bird speciation. Price also discusses how ecological factors may contribute to shaping such socially selected traits.
The last major section of the book, chapters 13 to 16, is mainly devoted to the final stages of speciation, and evolutionary processes operating in differentiated populations that experience secondary contact. . . . .
Contents:
1. Introduction
2. Geography and Ecology
3. Geographical variation
4. Parapatric Speciation
5. Ecological speciation
6. Ecological controls and speciation on continents
7. Behavior and ecology
8. Geographical isolation and the causes of island endemism
9. Social Selection
10. Social selection and the evolution of song
11. Divergence in response to increased sexual selection
12. Social selection and ecology
13. Species recognition
14. Mate choice at the end of speciation
15. Hybrid zones
16. Genetic incompatibility
17. Conclusions
Speciation in Birds has the LCSH:
Birds—Speciation
Browsing the Relative Index for "birds" yields:
Birds 598
. . . .
Birds—evolution 598.138
Also, in the schedule record for 576.8 Evolution is the see reference: "For evolution of animals, see 591.38." The see reference has hierarchical force and carries subordinate topics of evolution like speciation at 576.86 with it.
At 591 Specific topics in natural history of animals is a scatter note: "Class a specific topic in natural history of animals with respect to a specific taxonomic group of animals with the group of animals, plus notation 1 from table under 592–599, e.g., beneficial mammals 599.163." Hence the base number for the work will be 598 Aves (Birds). The footnote add instruction at 598 leads to 592–599 Specific taxonomic groups of animals. At that span is an add table with the following:
1 General topics of natural history of animals
Add to base number 1 the numbers following 591 in 591.3-591.7, e.g., beneficial animals 163, marine animals 177
At 591 Specific topics in natural history of animals is a table of preference that places behavior, evolution, and ecology in the following order:
Behavior 591.5
Genetics, evolution, young animals 591.3
Animal ecology, animals characteristic of specific environments 591.7
Both behavior (e.g., social selection) and ecology are discussed in Speciation in Birds, but both are discussed as causes of speciation, a subordinate topic of evolution. Although the table of preference might suggest that the work should be classed with behavior, the rule of application overrides the table of preference, and the work is classed with evolution.
Speciation in Birds is classed in 598.138 Evolution of birds (built with 598 Aves [Birds] plus 1 from the add table under 592–599 Specific taxonomic groups of animals plus 38 from 591.38 Evolution). The built number appears in the Relative Index, as noted above.
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